Newton's 1st law of motion: the law of inertia. Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it. Got it.Sir Isaac Newton first presented his three laws in the "Principia Mathematica Philosophiae Naturalis" in 1686. Galieo (c.1632) had nailed this before him. Aristotle (c.300BC) had it wrong, thinking rest was the natural tendency of all objects (Aristotle didn't account for gravity).
Newton's first law states that every object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change its state by the action of an external force. This is normally taken as the definition of inertia. The key point here is that if there is no net force resulting from unbalanced forces acting on an object (if all the external forces cancel each other out), then the object will maintain a constant velocity. If that velocity is zero, then the object remains at rest. And if an additional external force is applied, the velocity will change because of the force.
This law only holds in a inertial frame reference. I'm not sure whether this means the reference frame has to have zero accelerational force or just all observers have to be in the same reference frame. See: Newton's First Law 6 minute lecture from wikipedia.
Nice picture: my friend Maggie came to a family reunion gathering at the Sylvan Dale Ranch on Father's Day. I'm sure she well remebers my struggles with math and physics from college days and will no doubt think I have lost my mind with this blog project. ;-)
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